United States

Federal

Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)
The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA) is a United States federal law that requires health care organizations to "maintain reasonable and appropriate, technical, and physical safeguards to prevent intentional or unintentional use or disclosure of protected health information." Protected health information (PHI) includes patient medical records, patient logs, insurance, billing and other personally identifiable health information.

Canada

Provincial

Ontario Personal Health Information Protection Act (PHIPA)
The Personal Health Information Protection Act, 2004 (PHIPA) came into effect in Ontario, Canada on November 1, 2004. PHIPA creates rules for the collection, use and sharing of personal health information. PHIPA also gives patients rights related to acess to their health records and how their health information is used.

Preventing Medical Identity Theft
Identity theft in the healthcare industry